Strategic-economic aspect regarding the termination of the Antarctic Treaty. The position of Argentina and Chile.

Abstract

If the evolution of geopolitics in South America is considered, César Caviedes maintains that “the strictly geostrategic or national security character of geopolitical doctrines has been replaced by the idea of geopolitics of economic integration.

According to this concept, the spheres of action of a particular State are determined not by military prowess but by the integration of adjacent countries into the commercial networks of more advanced countries.”

There are geopolitical, geostrategic and geoeconomic reasons that will be analyzed in the development of this work. However, in this first part it is highlighted and highlighted that these unexplored southern lands and seas constitute the largest
water reserve on the planet, their natural resources have not yet been fully dimensioned and represent an important factor of balance in the ecosystem and control of the environment atmosphere.

It is important to identify the geopolitical interests of the main international actors in the Antarctic Continent, not only at the regional level but also considering the main world leaders who have expressed their interest in the southern region, particularly and for South America. Argentina and Chile, in their capacity as “bridge countries”, consultative members of the Antarctic Treaty System (AST) and sovereignty claimants, hold a preferential position in this matter.

In the following pages it will be demonstrated as a hypothesis that "As in the last 63 years, the Antarctic Continent will continue to promote cooperation and the development of science between South American States." For this purpose, the Antarctic continent becomes geopolitically important, as well as the main aspects of interest of the STA.